So How Should Reform Look? Open Thread
Published February 24, 2009 @ 07:00AM PT

Member Carl Anderson gives me a nice push in a comment to an earlier post - and a fair one, as I've been kvetching a lot recently over what I swear seems an orchestrated burst out of the Obama starting-gate by Ed. Sec. Duncan, Bill Gates, Jay Matthews of the Washington Post, Nicholas Kristof of the New York Times, and the whole Hee Haw Gang to preach anti-union KIPP-juice as the snake-oil for all of education's ills (but as Henry Kissinger said, "Just because you're paranoid, doesn't mean you're wrong") - and then broadens it into a question for all of us. It's a good opportunity to clear the air and hear from all sides, so I hope everyone weighs in. Here's Carl:
Charter schools set out to provide an alternative to the traditional model of school for all stakeholders, something different from the traditional model that if I understand things right this forum seeks to change. It could be argued that to fight against charter schools is a fight against change and an approval of the traditional way of doing things. Perhaps Clay it is time you lay out explicitly what type of change you are advocating for here at Change.org. What I have been reading here this past week has sounded a lot like someone who says, "I want change," but when offered alternatives says, "No, I would rather see things done the way they have always been." What type of school do you want to see? What philosophy of education? What pedagogy? How would that school be structured? Describe it for us and I am sure I could find a charter school somewhere that closely matches your description. My guess is it probably won't be a KIPP school.
Actually, now that I have brought it up, I would love to pose the same question to the other readers in this forum: What does your ideal school look like in terms of structure, pedagogy, and philosophy? How is it run? What role does it play? How do we go about building it? If it is a reform of the traditional school system, how do we make that change?
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Comments (35)
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Carl, I wonder if we should break this down into discrete sub-topics.
For starters, I'll say I don't want a public school system becoming an apartheid system. By creaming the "decent" poor into charters, the inevitable result will be the children of the neediest and most broken families will be abandoned to "left-over" public schools.
But on a pragmatic level, if we're going to compare or pitt charters against non-charter publics:
I want to see funding equity between traditional public schools [TPS] and charters. KIPP pays over $1,000 more per student than a TPS school, I read.
I want equal admissions policies, and equal accountability for charters and TPS if charters are going to receive taxpayer funds.
I want salary caps for charter executives (I keep thinking of de-regulated / unregulated bankers when I think of charters, I don't know why). I want oversight of them too.
I want to see equity for teachers, from pay to benefits, in both types of school.
That does not mean I don't want unions to budge when it comes to meeting professional standards. If the allegations that they protect bad teachers from being dismissed are true, and not PR spin by the Business Roundtable, then they should negotiate a satisfactory set of standards to define "adequate" and "good," and meet those standards.
But test scores are not the way to measure that "adequate" and "good." Not as currently set up.
It's after 1 a.m., so I'll stop there.
I know I haven't touched the ideal, but more the pragmatic here.
I think the ideal is close to real in the leafy suburbs already. What we're really talking about is the poor, and the teachers and students of the poor. I don't want them given to people driven by the profit motive. Such people lost America's trust recently for very good reason: as Alan Greenspan acknowledged, they couldn't control their greed.
Why should we expect EMOs (Education Management Orgs) to be any more trustworthy than HMOs or CEOs?
Rhetorical, but sincere too.
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 08:12AM PT
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And Carl, when you assume that "changing" public schools means creating competition for them, you assume a kind of change I'm certainly not convinced is the only type of change we can aim for.
How about improving public schools, instead of closing them down and trusting them to business interests?
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 08:41AM PT
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The problem with improving public schools I believe is summed up quite nicely with Clayton Christensen's theory of disruptive innovation. Large systems cannot change as quickly as we need them to. The only way to enact a broad change is to start fresh.
The flood gates have already been opened. The pigs are already out of the pen. The time for discussing the virtues or follies of the existence of educational alternatives at all is now a mute point. They are here and we have to deal with them. Charter schools, online schools, homeschooling, and unschooling all present disruptive innovations to our traditional school system. They are not going away and the present administration has made that clear. Now is the time to wrestle with these pigs and herd them in the right direction.
To be clear, I do not support the privitization of public charter schools as many charter schools have been operated under. I do support the independent charter schools built, run, and governed by teachers. I do support the charter schools that have been sponsored by local ISDs and nonprofit organizations. I do see a problem with KIPP schools and I do believe the answer is not to be found in one educational solution but rather the boquet of solutions this charter movement is offering. Each child had different learning needs and no one school is appropriate for each child. However, we have legislation that says we have to offer a quality educaiton for each child and leave no child behind. If charter schools can serve as that stop gap measure than let them.
I am currently working with three school districts to explore the idea of starting a new charter school that doesn't serve as a competitor but as a symbiotic partner in providing an education that meets the needs of all learners. Here is my sales pitch: http://app.sliderocket.com/app/FullPlayer.aspx?id=793DFCA8-13D6-A650-C3B8-41DFC6685B23
Posted by Carl Anderson on 02/24/2009 @ 09:25AM PT
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Carl, the theory is interesting enough, but I think of Obama's rapid response in the last month to make change happen quickly. And that makes me less convinced by Christensen's theory.
FWIW. I really, really should be sleeping ):
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 10:16AM PT
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Carl, nice preso (you have many typos, though).
I'm sympathetic to much of what I saw.
Do you see admin/management being paid more, less, or equal to their TPS counterparts?
I don't think we've seen any "floodgates," though. Charters teach less than 2% of students in the US, and there are less than 4,000 of them compared to 95,000. (You can see I resist fait accompli arguments. They make me feel powerless against the pigs you mention ;-)
But I'm not against the idea in principal. Show me good regulations for charters, and a reason to believe their promises they'll do better.
I just don't want the poorest being seen as profitable cattle. The bar should be high for charters to start, and penalties high if they fail. That's my gut instinct, anyway.
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 11:07AM PT
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Finally Carl, I like this from your comment:
"To be clear, I do not support the privitization of public charter schools as many charter schools have been operated under. I do support the independent charter schools built, run, and governed by teachers. I do support the charter schools that have been sponsored by local ISDs and nonprofit organizations. I do see a problem with KIPP schools and I do believe the answer is not to be found in one educational solution but rather the boquet of solutions this charter movement is offering. "
I like that very much.
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 11:25AM PT
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Clay, thank you for pointing out my typos. You have discovered my Achilles heel. I depend too much on the automatic detection of misspelled words. Sliderocket doesn't support spell check.
Additionally, I set up a Ning for the development of this charter school. If anyone wants to be involved please request membership:
Charter School Planners
Perhaps we can crowd-source much of the work.
Posted by Carl Anderson on 02/24/2009 @ 11:28AM PT
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No sooner do I point out your typos than I note I spelled "principle" "principal." D'oh! At least it was an edu-typo.
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 12:06PM PT
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"[I] think of Obama's rapid response in the last month to make change happen quickly. And that makes me less convinced by Christensen's theory."
I am not convinced that the theory of disruptive innovation isn't driving much of the Obama-Duncan education policy. On the Dept of Ed website they call for doubling the federal support for starting new charter schools and a large portion of the stimulus package was devoted to that as well. If they thought that traditional schools could make the scale of change they are looking for then why the greater investment in charters? Tonight in his State of the Union address he reiterated his call to start new charter schools.
Revisiting the KIPP discussion, there are three things that keep me cautiously optomistic and unconvinced that the writing on the wall spells "KIPP":
1. Earlier this month the Obama's visited Capital City Public Charter School, a progressive charter school in the DC area. There the president said, "This kind of innovative school...is an example of how all our schools should be."
2. The Obamas send their girls to a private school that operates under a progressive philosophy.
3. Ariel Community Academy, the school Arne Duncan founded in Chicago, follows the same progressive philosophy. The following are excerpts from the Principal's message on the school's website:
"The role of the teacher is to assist and advise the student, actively participating and contributing to their learning in order to expand and discover the society they live in and share experiences together."
"[S]tudents should be aware of their own multiple intelligences and utilize a wide variety of abilities to demonstrate what they have learned."
"The design of the curriculum is purposefully broad in order to provide the teacher with many options for planning and implementing individualized, small group, and whole group instruction."
http://schools.cuip.net/ariel/?page_id=10
Posted by Carl Anderson on 02/24/2009 @ 11:19PM PT
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Carl, not to be provocative at all, but one slide in your preso has echoed since I read it a few days ago.
It said something like, "If the school fails, it closes and the problem goes away."
Part of what disturbs me - and it's an impression, maybe wrong - about charters is how they seem to be granted to groups that can't guarantee they'll be any more effective than a TPS (and 10% of charters are shut down due to either mismanagement or incompetence, I read recently). If they fail to do what they promise, then the students and parents suffer. And the tax dollars devoted to them were wasted.
Thoughts?
And what about that question about executive pay. Do you think charter administrators should be paid equal to, more, or less than TPS counterparts?
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/27/2009 @ 12:33AM PT
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Thanks for pointing this out. I will go back and try to reword that slide. You are right, it presents the wrong idea.
As for pay, who says we need administrators in the Charter School? I would rather see charter schools run by teachers, not administrators. In that way everyone is paid equally. Schools should run on a partnership model simmilar to law firms.
Posted by Carl Anderson on 02/27/2009 @ 09:59AM PT
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That slide now reads: "The research and development funds provided by the state and federal government reduce the risks for school districts. Since most students will likely be dual enrolled in the host schools the risk is also reduced for students and their families. If it flops it goes away, if it succeeds it may grow."
I completely see your point about what happens to the students and families of that 10% However, if new ideas are not tried how will we know if they will work? Those who grant these charters ought to make sure they are founded upon solid research. Perhaps that is one area of the charter movement that needs reform or tighter regulation itself. How would anyone be assured that a new TPS would work? In Minnesota we seem to keep closing TPSs because of failure to deliver , bankruptcy (McLeod West 2009), or student migration(Minneapolis Public School in 2007).
Posted by Carl Anderson on 02/27/2009 @ 11:08PM PT
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Clay, I agree with everything you've said about putting charter schools and TPSs on an even footing. That's my biggest complaint about charters--that TPS are held up to comparison with them (often only to the most successful), but the legal and policy environment isn't the same. In fact, I agree with pretty much everything you've said here.
That said, and not to side-track this discussion, which I think should be interesting and might clarify things, I strongly believe that there will be no one way of doing school (to coin a phrase) that will suit everyone, students or teachers, or play to their strengths. I think that a strong system is one that cultivates a variety of good outcomes, and no one school (or teacher) can cultivate all the good outcomes we need for a strong democracy and economy and society in general. (That's the up side to charters--they do provide alternatives.)
So once people have wieghed in with their ideal school/methodology/curriculum/whatever, maybe you can open another thread to address the nature of the policy environment that could encourage the development of a variety of strong schools. Whatever that policy environment might be, I'm very sure that it won't entail the imposition of any one model on everyone. (I call that the Procrustean Bed approach.)
Posted by Jean Mitchell on 02/24/2009 @ 08:52AM PT
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Since I can't sleep, I'll go ahead and say that the more I think about national standards, the less I trust them - though I still wonder why we can't do the "leaner and fewer" standards LD-H suggests - basic reading/writing/math/science up to maybe grade 6 or 7 - and leave room beyond that for variation based on locale and student needs or interests. Susan Ohanion gets at the same idea here.
What I distrust about the charter movement is the sense it gives me (and others, like Susan O'Hanion, again, though only sidewise in this article) that the underprivileged only deserve an education that makes them suitable for low-paying service jobs at Wal-Marts. -- I.e., close the "failed" schools, then put the poor kids in schools with narrow curriculums that focus on only the basics. That leads to stunted lives in a culturally-produced underclass.
I like your idea for a follow-up thread.
I'd love it if y'all commented amongst yourselves, too, by the way. I'm just sayin'.
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 12:31PM PT
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I'll add more later, but I want to start by saying that I see the merit in skimming the better students from low-performing schools into smaller schools of their own where they at the very least have a chance to thrive without as much ridiculous behavior (from other students) getting in the way of their learning.
We can at least save those students and then go from there.
Posted by Mark Pullen on 02/24/2009 @ 09:13AM PT
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And that's a point that's hard to contest, Mark.
How many of the college admittees from charters (that's their big selling point, from what I'm seeing) actually graduate from college, though?
But assuming the school they fled is worse than the charter they fled to (and that is an assumption most always, yes?), then agreed: save the swimmers from the sinking ship.
Again, dammit: why aren't we talking about saving the ship, though?
(My) Short answer: we don't want to talk about the poverty we accept in our country.
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 11:44AM PT
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My short answer to why we don't talk more about saving the toughest inner-city, impoverished schools is this: the problem is not really an education problem as much as it is a societal and economic problem.
Maybe, as much as we hate to admit it, there are situations and students that *gasp* we CAN'T save, because the problem is outside of the school realm.
Posted by Mark Pullen on 02/24/2009 @ 12:44PM PT
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Or that we choose not to save, because we permit higher poverty levels than most other developed countries?
$10 billion a month on Iraq since March 2003. That kills me. (And them.)
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 01:10PM PT
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Hmmm... in reading that reply, you're thinking of "we" differently than I am. I'm looking at this from the point of view of an individual educator.
From a societal standpoint, yes, of course the problems with education will be diminished if "we" can solve the problems of poverty and racial inequality in our society.
Posted by Mark Pullen on 02/24/2009 @ 02:13PM PT
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I will throw my support behind public, private, and charter schools. I will encourage a wide variety of approaches to teaching. I, like Jean, and I gather you too Clay, no there is no magic bullet in creating effective schools. Well I take that back. There is one way. Clear student expectations and stadards that make a diploma mean something.
Standards that are "leaner, fewer, higher, and deep", to quote LDH, coupled with assessments that test a students ability to apply what they have learned are the only way to get a truely knowledgable populace, not just kids who can memorize well. How a teacher meets those standards are of less importance then the fact that their students do meet them.
Posted by Derek Viger on 02/24/2009 @ 09:15AM PT
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I've already hit most talking points I'd put here above in this thread, but I'll just add that I'd love to see schools that promoted non-academic pathways for students not destined to academic careers. There'd be less "failure" if that were there.
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 12:35PM PT
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Amen to that. Michigan now requires all students to pass Algebra II and take 4 years of math to get a diploma. Some students taking that course would benefit much, much more from taking a vocational class, but that's all been thrown away in the name of "rigor."
Posted by Mark Pullen on 02/24/2009 @ 12:46PM PT
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And amen to that. Germany gets it. I was amazed at what I learned about their ed system when I lived there as a soldier.
One thing America does better than them is give second chances for college, though.
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 08:26PM PT
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Many good thoughts here. I think there's room for many different models of learning, and charters are one way to demonstrate them.
I'd like to see an education "system" that focuses on the difficult tasks that justify a government-sponsored system: distributing funds in an equitable manner, administering a few key standards, stimulating innovation by providing labs and resources, and certifying education professionals. And serving as a clearinghouse for people-powered reputation and for institutions of learning.
After that, I'd rather leave the educating up to the local (or national, or international, or distributed,) institution. And I'd like to see those institutions play with more than just subject matter. I want to see some that experiment with pedagogy and learning styles. I want to see some that do away with teachers in favor of advisors and guides and peer learning. I want to see some that involve parents and neighbors and business people as instructors and mentors. I want to see some that are virtual and some that are luddite.
But above all, I want to see many solutions evolving all the time with oversight from the government in partnership with the people.
Posted by Eric Grant on 02/24/2009 @ 01:50PM PT
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Well said, Eric. Let me look for something to play contrarian with.
Damn. Can't find anything.
I've got Sudbury guest-bloggers lined up for regular guest-posts here, fwiw.
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 02:27PM PT
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Oh, and nice to see you in these parts, btw ;-)
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 02:27PM PT
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Here's how reform should look.
1. Good teachers
2. Reasonable class sizes
3. Decent facilities
I know it's just a dream, but I'd also like to see people who run school districts patronize them. There's something off-putting about hearing Joel Klein and Mike Bloomberg constantly stating class size doesn't matter, taking hundreds of millions to reduce class size, failing utterly to do so, and sending their own kids to private schools with classes of 14, while city classes run to 34 and sometimes higher.
Posted by NYC Educator on 02/24/2009 @ 05:04PM PT
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Hear hear. Anybody who can't see the difference between 1:14 and 1:34 is either blind or dishonest. And they've definitely never taught a class.
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/24/2009 @ 08:28PM PT
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Dreaming is a good exercise for the soul so I'll give it a go. I'll speak to the high school level.
1. Use time in an intelligent way. Abandon the Carnegie unit and the industrial model which drives so much poor pedagogy. 2. Focus on strategies that lead to engagement. 3. Stop viewing technology as a moral evil and accept the fact it is here. 4. Teachers should view themselves as professionals and act like it. Read professionally, dialogue with peers, and for goodness sake stop bitching about the students in the lounge. no students = no job. 5. Hire administrators that did something other than coaching sports and being friends with the powers that be. 6. Support administrators with appropriate support staff so they can actually be instructional leaders and not reactionary agents who put out tiny fires all day. 7. Reform teacher education programs and raise the requirements for being admitted to a teaching college. 8. Build mutual respect in schools between students, teachers, administrators, parents and blur the formal lines of distinction. 9. Focus on local reform over mandated federal ideas. NCLB didn't exactly work did it? Unless you consider test junkies to be truly educated. 10. Let politicians know what they need to. Honestly they aren't ill willed they just listen to the wrong people. We need to tell our story. More avenues like (education.change.org).
Posted by Charlie Roy on 02/24/2009 @ 06:56PM PT
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I just read the whole thread of comments and it is great to see such healthy debate (although where are the women here?). In New York City, we have some amazing public schools (see www.performanceassessment.org) that do engaging project-based work with poor kids of color and send them to great colleges. Why aren't they a model for all public schools? Because in order to get where they are, they have had to be a thorn in the side of politicians and business leaders who want them to conform to standards-based curricula and who misunderstand the value of what these schools do. They have had to become advocates against standardization drawing them into the middle of city, state and national politics. All the while, they have maintained a high professional standard for teachers, providing incredible support and treating them as professionals. Their students are doing projects I only would have imagined doing as a college senior, without a worksheets or skill and drill tactics.
The one thing they do differently than any other school? They believe that the kids can achieve great things. They don't view some as worth saving and others as expendable. Other cities where there are not public schools with traditions of caring for the communities they serve turn to charters as solutions, ways out (see Keeping the Promise, a recent book reporting on charter across the country). They are new, no doubt, but they need to confront the same fundamental issue that any school does-Do you believe that your students can learn? If not, find another business venture.
Posted by jessica shiller on 02/25/2009 @ 07:24AM PT
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Can I assign this topic as guest-post 2? ;-)
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/27/2009 @ 12:26AM PT
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sure! i would be happy to write more about this.
Posted by jessica shiller on 02/27/2009 @ 11:17AM PT
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Ooh, go to, go to. Posts about concrete examples are often as or more interesting than ye olde generalities ;-)
Posted by Clay Burell on 02/27/2009 @ 11:52AM PT
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I love the book about the schools Jessica Shiller is describing, The Power of Their Ideas, by Deborah Meier. She advocates strongly for small schools, along with project-based learning, which is so much more respectful of the kids as independent learners.
Posted by Sue VanHattum on 03/07/2009 @ 07:49AM PT
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Back to the original questions:
What does your ideal school look like in terms of structure, pedagogy, and philosophy?
Small. I think Deborah Meier said no more than 15 kids per class, no more than 15 classes per school. I like the sound of that. Run by the teachers, who have time in their day to dicuss pedagogy. Respectful of the kids and their families. My ideal is a school that's more like a library or resource center, with family groupings to help kids stay centered. Lots of outside space, play is vital.
How is it run? What role does it play? How do we go about building it? If it is a reform of the traditional school system, how do we make that change?
I don't see how to get there from here. I've worked at the classroom level for so long, I haven't yet put much deep thought into how we change a system... I love change.org for getting me thinking about that.
Posted by Sue VanHattum on 03/07/2009 @ 07:58AM PT
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